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XorShift*

XorShift* is a fast pseudo-random number generator using XOR-shift operations with multiplicative scrambling. Uses parameters (12, 25, 27) and multiplier 0x2545F4914F6CDD1D for excellent output quality across all bits.

Properties

Property	Value
Category	Random Number Generators
Sub-category	Deterministic PRNG
Security status	🎓 Educational Only
Complexity	Beginner
Inventor	George Marsaglia / Sebastiano Vigna
Year	2003
Origin	🇺🇸 United States
Source	algorithms/random/xorshift-star.js

Parameters

Parameter	Supported values
Seed sizes	1 byte (8 bits) to 8 bytes (64 bits)

Capabilities

Flag	Value
IsDeterministic	Yes
IsCryptographicallySecure	No

Security

Status: 🎓 Educational Only

No vulnerabilities are recorded for this implementation.

Documentation

• Wikipedia: Xorshift
• Original Xorshift Paper (Marsaglia, 2003)
• Vigna’s Analysis of Xorshift Generators

References

• TestU01 Statistical Testing Suite
• Modern PRNG Alternatives (xoshiro/xoroshiro)

Test vectors

6 vectors ship with this algorithm and run in the test suite. Byte values are hexadecimal.

Vector 1 — Seed(1): First 5 outputs - verified against ported C# implementation

Field	Value
seed	0100000000000000
outputSize	40
input	null
expected	1ddd6c894bcee4471d6579e0a8a6cfab 571f73eb8f0dd1b99d011bbba018b44d 00a65a4db099610e

Vector 2 — Seed(2): First 5 outputs

Field	Value
seed	0200000000000000
outputSize	40
input	null
expected	3abad912979cc98f3acaf2c0514d9f57 cb1b53ecf63549765798dd31dceda994 57e3db90c4465d0e

Vector 3 — Seed(123456789): First 10 outputs

Field	Value
seed	15cd5b0700000000
outputSize	80
input	null
expected	d7e3f5835ac3c0ed4b1c8d2dfaf4927e 74ff46405bdfae4875b0473394d7a620 ba63deb35831759fb6e6bf4fdf85c679 0c5dc26184bb3e853625a2470cd6a48a 51a4d0c3064b6c788e87a3d5727327ea

Vector 4 — Seed(1000000): First 8 outputs - large seed value

Field	Value
seed	40420f0000000000
outputSize	64
input	null
expected	d52118fd7bfadb0da4ad2bb4efcc4314 2184447d9a8874f883a7aba09f5b1225 cef92f21c2b56863a2af0eb1790f3e00 cf8ff1667ca73fe8b94bcfbfe165ff7d

Vector 5 — Seed(0xDEADBEEFCAFEBABE): First 5 outputs - hex seed pattern

Field	Value
seed	bebafecaefbeadde
outputSize	40
input	null
expected	f4800a9fbf57297d3641b0846ba6fc25 ff7044feb40db26f362ef881bbc1f152 bcd0cc19a888450b

Vector 6 — Seed(0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF): First 5 outputs - maximum seed

Field	Value
seed	ffffffffffffffff
outputSize	40
input	null
expected	000000c6e5c92cf9e3ae1efdd884f48f c6ab6f32f3956c34c0f2c5379ccc56c5 071a10833f652d6c

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